Angelica archangelica, commonly known as Angelica or Garden Angelica, is a biennial herbaceous plant in the Apiaceae family. It is native to northern Europe and has been cultivated for centuries for both culinary and medicinal purposes. Angelica plants can reach a height of 4-6 feet (120-180 cm) and have large, hollow stems topped with umbels of tiny greenish-white flowers. The leaves are deeply divided and toothed, giving the plant an attractive and fern-like appearance. In the second year of growth, Angelica produces seeds and then dies back.

Care Guide:

Light Requirements: Angelica prefers partial shade to full sun. It can tolerate some shade, particularly in hot summer regions. Provide a location that receives at least 4-6 hours of direct sunlight per day.

Soil Requirements: Angelica grows best in fertile, moist, and well-draining soil. It prefers a slightly acidic to neutral pH level (around 6.0-7.0). The soil should be rich in organic matter, so incorporate compost or well-rotted manure into the planting area before planting.

Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Angelica has high moisture requirements, particularly during hot and dry periods. Water deeply and regularly, especially during the growing season, to ensure the soil remains consistently moist.

Fertilization: Angelica benefits from regular fertilization to support its vigorous growth. Apply a balanced organic fertilizer, such as compost or well-rotted manure, in early spring and again during the growing season.

Mulching: Apply a layer of organic mulch, such as straw or wood chips, around the base of the plant to help retain moisture, suppress weed growth, and maintain an even soil temperature.

Pruning: In the second year of growth, Angelica will produce flowers and seeds. After flowering, you can cut back the plant to ground level, as it will die back naturally. Allow some seed heads to remain if you want the plant to self-seed for future generations.

Division and Propagation: Angelica is a biennial plant that typically self-seeds. If you wish to propagate it, you can collect seeds from the mature plants and sow them in a suitable location. It's also possible to divide the plant's root crown in early spring or fall to create new plants.

Pest and Disease Control: Angelica is generally not prone to severe pest or disease issues. However, keep an eye out for common garden pests like aphids or slugs. If necessary, treat affected plants with appropriate organic or chemical controls.

Harvesting and Usage: The leaves, stems, and roots of Angelica have culinary and medicinal uses. The young leaves can be harvested and used in salads or as a garnish, while the stems can be candied and used in confections. The roots are typically harvested in the fall of the first year or spring of the second year for medicinal purposes.

Angelica archangelica is a fascinating and versatile plant, adding both ornamental and culinary value to the garden. With its attractive appearance and useful properties, it can be a rewarding addition to herb gardens or cottage-style landscapes. Enjoy the unique beauty and potential benefits of Angelica in your garden!